Environment and Ecology has become indispensable for IAS Prelims Exam. Candidates cannot dispense with this section. In future also Importance of Environment and Ecology cannot be underestimated. Following are some MCQs that would help candidates to understand the kinds of questions they are going to face from Environment and Ecology section in IAS Prelims Exam:-
1. Which of following statement is true about the Ecotone?
a. It is meeting place of two different eco systems
b. It is meeting place of two same eco systems
c. Density of species is very low here
d. All of the above.
Ans: a
Explanation: Ecotone is a place where two different eco systems meet each other. Mangrove and terrestrial eco system is an example of Ecotone. This area is very rich is in species.
2. Consider following statement about the estuary
I) Estuary is place where the river fresh waster meets with ocean water
II) This area is highly productive
III) This area is highly unproductive
IV) All of the above
Which of above the statements is/are true?
a. I) only
b. II) only
c. I) and II)
d. III)
Ans: c
Explanation: Estuary is place where the river or stream fresh water meets with ocean water. And this place provides the conducive conditions for development of different species.
3. Which of following statement is incorrect about the Biosphere?
a. Biosphere is combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and Atmosphere
b. Biosphere is missing at extreme of north and south pole
c. Organisms are uniformly present in Biosphere
d. All of the above
Ans: c
Explanation: Biosphere is combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and Atmosphere. Biosphere is not found everywhere some areas do not support the conditions required for Biosphere. Hence Organisms are not uniformly distributed throughout the world.
4. What is the carbon credit?
a. It is the difference between the carbon emission allowed and actually emitted carbon
b. It is the loan amount by IMF for reducing pollution
c. It is loan given to poor people for buying Modern Stoves
d. All of the above
Ans: a
Explanation: Carbon credit shows that country or any entity emit the carbon below the limit prescribed by the government, hence country or entity can sell it in Exchange where carbon credits are traded.
5. What is the meaning of coral bleaching?
a. Paling of coral color or decline in zooxanthellae due to climate change
b. Impacts of excessive sea trade on fishing industry
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
Ans: a
Explanation: Coral Bleaching is being caused by the climate change. Increase in surface temperature of ocean due to climate change is increasing the decline of zooxanthellae. Zooxanthellae is responsible for photosynthesis.
6. Relative contributions of CO2, CH4, CFCs and N2O towards global warming are:
a. 50 %, 30 %, 10 % , and 10 % respectively
b. 60%, 20%, 14%, and 6% respectively
c. 40 %, 30%, 20% and 10% respectively
d. None of the above
Ans: b
Explanation: CO2 is largest contributor towards global warming.
7. Which of following can be used for controlling Gaseous Pollutant?
a. Arrestor
b. Incineration
c. Absorption
d. None of above
Ans: c
Explanation: Absorption technique is used for controlling Gaseous pollutant. These pollutants are brought into contact with liquid such as water. It may either become solvent or capture it through the chemical reaction.
8. What does the high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicates?
a. High level of Microbial Pollution
b. Low level of Microbial Pollution
c. Absence of Microbial Pollution
d. Water is fully pure
Ans: a
Explanation: Oxygen is demanded for decomposition related activities under the water. Increase in waste and pollution enhances the decomposition activities and thereby reduces the availability of oxygen for other organic activities under the water body.
9. What percent of area in the plain should be under forest?
a. 21 %
b. 25%
c. 17%
d. 33%
Ans: d
Explanation: National Forest Policy has recommended that for maintaining the ecological balance there should be 33 % area under the forest in plain areas. But present forest cover in Indian is around 21-22 %.
10. Biodiversity Hotspot are characterized on the basis of:
a. Endemic flowering plant and threat perception
b. Endemic flowering plant
c. Species of flowering plants
d. None of above
Ans. a
Explanation: These areas are rich of plant species and these are endemic to this area. Endemism implies the presence of species in particular area only.
1. Which of following statement is true about the Ecotone?
a. It is meeting place of two different eco systems
b. It is meeting place of two same eco systems
c. Density of species is very low here
d. All of the above.
Ans: a
Explanation: Ecotone is a place where two different eco systems meet each other. Mangrove and terrestrial eco system is an example of Ecotone. This area is very rich is in species.
2. Consider following statement about the estuary
I) Estuary is place where the river fresh waster meets with ocean water
II) This area is highly productive
III) This area is highly unproductive
IV) All of the above
Which of above the statements is/are true?
a. I) only
b. II) only
c. I) and II)
d. III)
Ans: c
Explanation: Estuary is place where the river or stream fresh water meets with ocean water. And this place provides the conducive conditions for development of different species.
3. Which of following statement is incorrect about the Biosphere?
a. Biosphere is combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and Atmosphere
b. Biosphere is missing at extreme of north and south pole
c. Organisms are uniformly present in Biosphere
d. All of the above
Ans: c
Explanation: Biosphere is combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and Atmosphere. Biosphere is not found everywhere some areas do not support the conditions required for Biosphere. Hence Organisms are not uniformly distributed throughout the world.
4. What is the carbon credit?
a. It is the difference between the carbon emission allowed and actually emitted carbon
b. It is the loan amount by IMF for reducing pollution
c. It is loan given to poor people for buying Modern Stoves
d. All of the above
Ans: a
Explanation: Carbon credit shows that country or any entity emit the carbon below the limit prescribed by the government, hence country or entity can sell it in Exchange where carbon credits are traded.
5. What is the meaning of coral bleaching?
a. Paling of coral color or decline in zooxanthellae due to climate change
b. Impacts of excessive sea trade on fishing industry
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
Ans: a
Explanation: Coral Bleaching is being caused by the climate change. Increase in surface temperature of ocean due to climate change is increasing the decline of zooxanthellae. Zooxanthellae is responsible for photosynthesis.
6. Relative contributions of CO2, CH4, CFCs and N2O towards global warming are:
a. 50 %, 30 %, 10 % , and 10 % respectively
b. 60%, 20%, 14%, and 6% respectively
c. 40 %, 30%, 20% and 10% respectively
d. None of the above
Ans: b
Explanation: CO2 is largest contributor towards global warming.
7. Which of following can be used for controlling Gaseous Pollutant?
a. Arrestor
b. Incineration
c. Absorption
d. None of above
Ans: c
Explanation: Absorption technique is used for controlling Gaseous pollutant. These pollutants are brought into contact with liquid such as water. It may either become solvent or capture it through the chemical reaction.
8. What does the high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicates?
a. High level of Microbial Pollution
b. Low level of Microbial Pollution
c. Absence of Microbial Pollution
d. Water is fully pure
Ans: a
Explanation: Oxygen is demanded for decomposition related activities under the water. Increase in waste and pollution enhances the decomposition activities and thereby reduces the availability of oxygen for other organic activities under the water body.
9. What percent of area in the plain should be under forest?
a. 21 %
b. 25%
c. 17%
d. 33%
Ans: d
Explanation: National Forest Policy has recommended that for maintaining the ecological balance there should be 33 % area under the forest in plain areas. But present forest cover in Indian is around 21-22 %.
10. Biodiversity Hotspot are characterized on the basis of:
a. Endemic flowering plant and threat perception
b. Endemic flowering plant
c. Species of flowering plants
d. None of above
Ans. a
Explanation: These areas are rich of plant species and these are endemic to this area. Endemism implies the presence of species in particular area only.
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